Adaptive hypertrophy training

ALGORITHM · 1RM ESTIMATION

Know you're getting stronger, without maxing out.

Estimated one-rep max is how Calyber tells whether you are getting stronger, even when the weight on the bar looks the same, and how it sets your next target.

You lifted 145 for 10. You are stronger than that looks: a 193 lb single, and tomorrow's target is 150.

New to Calyber? See how it works
Strength traceCalculated
Input
145 lb × 10 @ RIR 2
Effective reps
10 + 2 = 12
Estimate
e1RM 193 lb
Next target
150 lb × 8-12 @ RIR 1
No max attempt required

From a set to a prescription

InputLogged set
145 lb x 10@ RIR 2
ComputeEffective reps
10 + 2 = 12
EstimateStrength estimate
e1RM 193 lb
OutputNext target
150 lb x 8-12@ RIR 1

The estimate is not the goal. The next prescription is the goal.

§1 · Calculator

Run your own numbers.

The calculator below is the live engine. It opens on the worked example, 145 lb for 10 reps at RIR 2, which estimates a 193 lb single. Change any field to see your own estimate.

Live 1RM calculatorEditable
e1RM = 193 lbs

Trend anchor, not true max.

§2 · The formula

What you can lift, from what you just lifted.

Calyber estimates current strength from the set you actually performed: load, reps, and reps in reserve. Here is the same calculation in plain terms, with the raw formula one click away.

Inputs
Load145 lb
Reps10
RIR2
Formula
e1RM = W × (1 + R / 36)
Effective reps: 10 + 2 = 12
Output193 lbestimated 1-rep max
Plain English

You lifted 145 for 10 reps with 2 left in reserve, so Calyber treats it as a 12-rep performance and estimates a 193 lb single.

Show formula detailsformula reference
e1RM = W x (1 + R / C)

W = weight lifted (lb)
R = reps completed + RIR (reps in reserve)
C = 36  (round trip: estimating from a prior session)
C = 40  (prediction: first estimate of a heavier weight)

Terms:

§3 · Why there are two constants

C=36 for what you know, C=40 for what you don't.

Calyber uses two constants. The choice is mechanical: it depends only on whether the weight you entered matches a prior session or projects into a heavier, less-tested load.

Is this weight already tested?

YesC = 36
Known weight

Used when the weight matches a prior session. Tighter estimate.

No / heavierC = 40
New or heavier weight

Used when projecting into a less-tested load. More conservative.

Prevents over-crediting

C=40 makes new-load predictions more conservative, so one unusually strong set does not inflate your next target.

§4 · Formula variants

How this compares to other estimates.

Different formulas estimate strength differently. Calyber uses a modified Epley form because it supports reps in reserve and works cleanly inside a session-to-session prescription system.

Calyber

Modified Epley. Supports RIR and a conservative heavier-load projection. Best fit for session-to-session prescription.

Brzycki

Accurate at lower rep counts (10 or fewer). Less reliable above 15 reps.

Lombardi

A simple power curve. Can overestimate at high rep ranges.

Calyber uses a modified Epley form because it accepts reps in reserve and stays stable across the 6 to 15 rep range a prescription engine actually works in.

Detailed comparisonall formulas
FORMULACONSTANTEQUATIONNOTES
Epley (1985)C = 30-40W x (1 + R/C)Most widely used; implementations commonly use a constant in this range
Calyber round tripC = 36W x (1 + R/36)Used when the weight matches a prior session (rep ranges 6-15)
Calyber predictionC = 40W x (1 + R/40)Used when the weight is heavier than the prior session
Brzycki (1993)n/aW / (1.0278 - 0.0278 x R)Accurate at low rep counts (10 or fewer); diverges above 15
Lombardi (1989)n/aW x R^0.10Overestimates at high rep ranges

§5 · Accuracy and limitations

What an estimate does and does not mean.

An estimated one-rep max is most useful as a trend and a prescription anchor, less so as a prediction of a true max single.

Best used for strength trend and next-session prescription.

Tracking strength trend over timeHigh
Setting the next session loadHigh
Comparing nearby rep rangesModerate
Predicting a true max singleLower
Very high-rep sets (above 15)Lower

It means

  • A working estimate of current strength
  • An anchor for the next load target
  • A trend signal across sessions
  • A safer alternative to frequent true-max testing

It does not mean

  • Your guaranteed true one-rep max
  • A command to test a max single
  • A readiness or injury-risk diagnosis
  • A perfect number across every lift and rep range

Calyber treats e1RM as a trend and prescription anchor, not a trophy number.

§6 · In the app

How the estimate becomes your next prescription.

Every prescription in the app shows this Basis line, so you can check the math on any number the engine gives you.

Bench PressTraceable
Basis
Previous
145 lb x 10 @ RIR 2
Effective reps
12
e1RM
193 lb
Rule
increase load
Next prescription
150 lb · 8-12 reps · RIR 1

§7 · FAQ

Common questions.

Why does my estimated one-rep max matter?answer

It is the single number that shows whether you are getting stronger, even when the weight on the bar looks the same, because more reps or lower reps in reserve raise it. Calyber also uses it to set your next weight, so you are not guessing whether to add load.

How does Calyber estimate a one-rep max without maxing out?answer

It reads the set you actually performed, your weight, reps, and reps in reserve, and converts it to effective reps (reps plus RIR), then applies a modified Epley-form estimate. No true max attempt is required.

What is the difference between the C=36 and C=40 constants?answer

C=36 is used when the weight matches a prior session, giving a tighter estimate. C=40 is used when you enter a heavier, less-tested weight, giving a more conservative estimate so a single strong set does not inflate your next target.

Is the estimated one-rep max my true max?answer

No. It is a working estimate used as a trend and a prescription anchor. It is not a guaranteed single and is not a command to test a true max.

How does the estimate change my next workout?answer

The estimate becomes the anchor for your next target. In the worked example, a 193 lb e1RM produces a next prescription of 150 lb for 8 to 12 reps at RIR 1, shown with its Basis line.

References

Citations

Epley, B. (1985). Poundage Chart. Boyd Epley Workout. Lincoln, NE: Body Enterprises.

Mayhew, J.L. et al. (1992). Muscular endurance repetitions to predict bench press strength in men. Perceptual and Motor Skills. doi:10.2466/pms.1992.75.3.1389

Reynolds, J.M. et al. (2006). Prediction of one repetition maximum strength from multiple repetition maximum testing and anthropometry. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. doi:10.1519/R-15304.1

These references support repetition-based strength prediction. Calyber's exact constants (36 and 40) are product-specific calibration choices.

See whether you're actually getting stronger.

Log a set, get your e1RM, and see how it sets your next prescription.

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